Many people dream of the perfect smile, but crooked teeth can make that dream seem far away. Uneven teeth or malocclusion may affect your appearance, but they also affect oral health. In this informative blog, we discuss what can cause the development of such dental problems, the problems caused by uneven teeth, and the best possible treatment options.
What are uneven teeth?
When teeth are misaligned, crooked, or improperly spaced, they are referred to as uneven teeth. This kind of dental disorder can be mild or severe. Some people may have mostly aligned teeth except for one or two misaligned ones. Other people may have several teeth misaligned. Both children and adults can have uneven teeth.
Types of uneven teeth
There are different types of uneven teeth, such as the following:
Overcrowding: This occurs when there is not enough space in the jaw for all teeth to fit properly.
Spacing: This refers to situations wherein space is present between teeth because of missing teeth or very small teeth.
Overbite: In this case, the upper front teeth excessively overlap the lower front teeth.
Underbite: In this condition, the lower front teeth overlap the upper front teeth.
Crossbite: In this case, some upper teeth will sit inside their lower teeth when the mouth is closed.
Open Bite: In this type, when the mouth is closed, there is space present between the upper and lower teeth.
Causes of uneven teeth
Several factors can lead to teeth becoming uneven. Some of the most common causes include:
Genetics
Genetics has a vital role to play in the development of uneven teeth. If your parents or grandparents had crooked teeth, you may get crooked teeth too. Genetics would determine the size of the jaw, the shape of the teeth, and how well they fit together.
Poor oral habits
Certain oral habits in childhood can lead to uneven front teeth. These habits include thumb sucking, prolonged use of a pacifier, and tongue thrusting. All these habits can put pressure on the teeth and cause them to shift from their normal position.
Early loss of baby teeth
Premature loss of baby teeth is another factor that could cause uneven teeth. If the baby tooth is lost too early, the neighboring teeth may drift into space during this time. Thus, the permanent teeth may come in crooked or malaligned.
Injury or trauma
Unevenness of teeth can arise due to injury or trauma to the mouth. Any impact to the face or mouth may displace teeth or fracture the jawbone, leading to misalignment.
Poor nutrition
Poor nutrition during childhood might hinder the growth of teeth and jaws. Essential nutrients like calcium and vitamin D strengthen teeth and bones; their deficiency can lead to teeth malformations and other dental problems.
Dental restorations
Dental restorations, including fillings, crowns, and bridges, can at times result in uneven teeth; any improper construction of restoration might cause a deviation in the alignment of the teeth that may ultimately lead to misalignment and unevenness of the teeth.
Problems caused by uneven teeth
Here are the several problems with teeth alignment:
Difficulty cleaning teeth
Crowding and crooked teeth can create zones that are almost impossible to reach. Plaque and bacteria buildup create breeding grounds for tooth decay, gum disease, and, in severe cases, bad breath.
Increased risk of tooth decay and gum disease
Uncleaned and thus easily decay-prone teeth have shown to be a good ground for the development of gum disease. Crooked teeth allow plaque and bacteria to accumulate.
Jaw pain and TMJ disorders
Crooked teeth create additional stress on the muscle joints and muscles controlling the jaw. The result is jaw pain, headaches, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. TMJ disorders produce much of the pain in these regions: jaw, face, and neck.
Speech problems
Uneven teeth can also affect speech. When misaligned teeth are unable to assist in the proper pronunciation of sounds, speech problems may result. Thus, hesitation or lack of confidence in their communication abilities may develop.
Self-esteem problems
Uneven front teeth can affect self-esteem and confidence. Many people with crooked teeth feel self-conscious about their smiles. This can lead to social anxiety and a reluctance to smile or speak in public.
Solution for uneven teeth
Some solutions are more commonly known than others, including:
Braces
Braces are one of the widely used and best treatments for crooked teeth. Their application relies on continuous pressure being applied in a specific direction, gradually moving the teeth into position. Braces can be made of metal, ceramic, or plastic, depending on the specific needs of the patient.
Types of braces
Traditional braces: Traditional metal braces are the most popular type of braces. They use metal brackets bonded to teeth, held together with linking wires. Metal braces are very effective in correcting even the worst alignment problems.
Ceramic braces: They retain most of the metal braces treatment, but the brackets are made from ceramic, rendering them less conspicuous than metal. Ceramic braces offer a good option for patients wishing for a more discreet.
Lingual braces: These are braces attached to the back of your teeth, rendering them invisible from the front so that they are not visible to other people. Lingual braces are suitable for patients who wish for treatment to be entirely hidden.
Veneers
Veneers are thin shells made of porcelain or composite resin that treatment is to be bonded to the front surface of the teeth. These work well in cases of slight misalignment and to improve the aesthetics of uneven teeth. Veneers provide a quick and effective cosmetic solution.
Dental bonding
This bonding procedure ensures that tooth-colored resin is directly applied to the teeth and hardened by a special light. Bonding is used to rectify minor misalignments and is best for improving the appearance of uneven front teeth. It provides a very quick and affordable solution to improve one's smile.
Orthodontic surgery
Orthodontic surgery can be needed for severe teeth misalignment.Orthodontic surgery is often combined with braces or other treatments to correct severe misalignment. Orthodontic surgery will correct jawbone position and properly align the teeth
Clear aligners
Caspersmile clear aligners are increasingly becoming an alternative to traditional braces. They are nearly invisible and comprise a clear plastic material. Clear aligners can also be removed, making them a good option for many patients.
Overview of treatment options
Treatment | Visibility | Removable | Best for | Duration | Cost |
Traditional braces | Visible | No | Severe misalignment | 1-3 years | Moderate to high |
Ceramic braces | Less visible | No | Moderate to severe cases | 1-3 years | High |
Lingual braces | Invisible | No | Moderate to severe cases | 1-3 years | Very high |
Clear aligners | Nearly invisible | Yes | Mild to severe misalignment | 6-18 months | Moderate to high |
Veneers | Invisible | No | Cosmetic improvements | Immediate results | High |
Dental bonding | Invisible | No | Minor cosmetic fixes | Immediate results | Low Moderate |
Orthodontic surgery | N/A | No | Severe jaw/bite issue | Varies | Very high |
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Recap
Unevenly arranged teeth can negatively impact your smile and oral health, but rest assured, solutions are available. Whether from braces or clear aligners such as Caspersmile, there is something for everyone. Consulting with an orthodontist will ensure you choose the right treatment for your unique needs. Proper care could result in straighter, healthier, and much happier smiles.
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References
Merck Manual (Consumer Version). Biology of the Teeth (https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/biology-of-the-mouth-and-teeth/biology-of-the-teeth#:~:text=There%20are%2032%20permanent%20teeth,not%20get%20any%20wisdom%20teeth). Accessed 1/26/2023.
Zimmerman B, Shumway KR, Jenzer AC. Physiology, Tooth (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538475/). 2022 Apr 14. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Accessed 1/26/2023.
Ghodasra R, Brizuela M. Orthodontics, Malocclusion (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK592395/). 2023 Apr 23. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan. Accessed 10/28/2024.
Merck Manual, Consumer Version. Malocclusion (https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/symptoms-of-oral-and-dental-disorders/malocclusion). Last reviewed 1/2024. Accessed 10/28/2024.